Women Inventors A to Z Biography List

Ladies Inventors beginning to end Biography List This is a beginning to end rundown of mainstream ladies creators that we have progressively broad data on: memoirs, pictures, courses of events, and other media. The Directory contains a lot more names, in any case, a life story could possibly be accessible. Suggested ladies innovators accounts are bolded. A Randi Altschul Virgie Ammons Mary Anderson Dorothy Arzner B Patricia E. Shower Miriam E. Benjamin Katherine Blodgett Bessie Blount Sarah Boone C Josephine Garis Cochran Marie Curie D, E, F Helen Free G Frances Gabe Sarah E. Goode Bette Nesmith Graham Sanctuary Grandin H Ruth Handler Joycelyn Harrison Beauty Hopper I, J, k Mary Phelps Jacob Marjorie Stewart Joyner Anna Keichline Margaret Knight Stephanie Louise Kwolek L, M N, O, P, Q, R Lyda Newman Julie Newmar Ellen Ochoa T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z Harriet Tubman Madame Walker Mary Walton -

Essay Sample on Criminal Law and Procedure

Exposition Sample on Criminal Law and Procedure Criminal law and methodology paper: Lately, criminal method place the heaviness of proof for the indictment, which means it is crafted by the arraignment side to validate that the respondent is responsible over any discerning vulnerability. This is as opposed to having the litigant authenticate that he/she is innocent, and all vulnerabilities decided on the side of the respondent. The law likewise allows the litigant the opportunity to lawful promoter and any respondent who can't bear the cost of a legal advisor furnished with one by the legislature. The normal guideline in law orders that significant demonstrate is satisfactory except if the law suggests something else. Noise and bits of gossip not considered as proof except if the respondent concedes to expressing the words asserted against him. Any data accomplished unlawfully to be utilized as apparent was excused to be named as legitimate proof in an official courtroom. The position to preclude unlawful proof in Australia is completely under the precedent-based law and on legal prerequisites. Its trite law that in criminal continuing of all ward that an individual is blameless till demonstrated blameworthy. The weight of evidence of every criminal case lies on the arraignment. The proposed alterations to the Uniform Evidence Act of 1995 are such that, in situations where an individual is blamed for offenses against the individual or property, and such individual had various three past feelings of comparable offenses, such proof of conviction might be showed in court against the individual. As I would like to think if such a revision is permitted, it would naturally result to an unnatural birth cycle of equity in the courts of Australia. Such a change additionally truly sabotages the standard of assumption of blamelessness and makes doubt with regards to the guiltlessness of the denounced, as noted on account of Perry v R 1982 44 ALR. In 1982 the litigant was attempted and indicted for endeavoring to kill her better half by poison. The arraignment proof against the litigant was that; in addition to the fact that her husbanded endure arsenic and lead harming while at the same time living with her, and that she was a recipient of a protection arrangement on her late spouse, there were three others had additionally passed on in the course of recent years, dwelling along with Ms. Perry, from an outcome ingesting unsafe substances. The respondent was indicted and upon Appeal the Australian High Court crushed the conviction in light of the fact that the passings of the three others ought not have been permitted in court. Proof of past feelings is among the sorts of proof that are not acceptable in a criminal preliminary in Australia. These sorts of proof are not permissible, not on the grounds that there is verification that the proof being illustrated is defective or sums it to a lie; yet for various reasons relying upon the circumstance. A genuine model is gossip and gossipy tidbits not considered as proof except if the litigant concedes to expressing the words guaranteed against him. Wrongfully acquired proof is additionally another case of proof not allowable in a court in South Whales and it’s environs The power to restrict unlawful proof in Australia is completely under the precedent-based law and on legal requirements.3 Opinions of people not esteemed to be specialists in a specific field are not acceptable as proof in any Australian court. Further, there is advantaged proof, for instance data shared between a legal advisor and his customer, or that between a minister and a humble durin g admission, which isn't permissible in a courtroom by virtue of it being favored. Admissions that are made under pressure are likewise not permissible in a courtroom. There is likewise a classification of proof that the court finds acceptable absent a lot of capability. This incorporates direct proof, which is chiefly founded on the witness’ individual perception which in the event that it is valid, demonstrates a specific certainty given by either group. Conditional proof is proof that gives an induction that a specific truth exist. Proving proof is additionally another class of proof promptly permissible. Its principle intention is to fortify starting proof submitted. Definite proof is any physical display that can be analyzed by the jury, while legal proof is proof assembled and concentrated with the assistance of science and other particular techniques. The proposed correction to the proof demonstration, adds up to what the law terms as biased proof. These are the thoughtful whose biased impact would over lap its probative worth, which by the standard on account of R v Christie (1904) AC 545 isn't acceptable. A criminal preliminary involves genuine offenses against the state, and when the blamed is confronting the court for law, the preliminary is significantly portrayed by the nearness of a jury. The respondent is given the condition of the case close by and is approached to take a request to the degree that he concur or can't help contradicting the charges as read to him. On the off chance that he consents to the cases the appointed authority quickly gives a decision as per the law yet on the off chance that the charged denies he is liable a case preliminary, at that point starts. The investigator starts by tending to the jury expressing unmistakably the body of evidence close by against the respondent. Witnesses are then interrogated by both the investigator and the defendant’s delegate. At the point when the sum total of what verification has been spoken to in the court the investigator and the respondent side presents their last contentions to the court and accurately to the jury, the appointed authority at that point offers leeway of how the law applies to the proof and the case in general. The jury is then furnished with some protection, to talk about finally the issue close by so generous decision can be made. On the off chance that the jury sees the blamed not as liable, the individual left free, in any case whenever saw as blameworthy then the appointed authority with an assignment of offering sentence to the denounced who at that point turns into a detainee. Unmistakably crafted by the jury is to inspect the verifiable purposes of the case and their rightness, while the adjudicator centers around the purposes of law. Legal law accommodates rules of gathering of proof in criminal preliminary and the method to be taken. If there should be an occurrence of focuses that are in conflict in a criminal preliminary, a legal strategy must be trailed by the two gatherings where one gathering gives proof to impact the court in his/her kindness. The law builds up procedures used to guarantee that the proof offered in court can be named as honest. Legal law controls the utilization of verification whether composed or oral and exhibitions in court procedures as proof to the case introduced. The custom-based law accommodates legal tact in situations where the proof gave isn't sufficiently legitimate or is unimportant area 137 of the custom-based law was required to give a practical methods for excluding master viewpoint proof of uncertain trustworthiness, all things considered this has not been along these lines, since segment 137 of the uniform proof law expresses that; â€Å"In a criminal continuing, the court must will not concede proof illustrated by the investigator if its probative worth is exceeded by the risk of out of line preference to the defendant† The proposed alterations being permitted on the beginning of preliminary move the outlook of the jury, as they expect the blame and not the honesty of the charged individual. Along these lines the entire procedure is then outfitted towards demonstrating that the blamed individual is guiltless for the supposed violations, putting the weight on the safeguard. This would thoroughly contort whatever mainstays of guaranteeing supreme redemption of equity our fore-fathers set up and therefore adding up to the charged individual being denied the privilege to a reasonable preliminary, a privilege dug in our constitution. The other explanation that for not permitting past conviction as proof is that, the jury might be enticed to accept that the manner in which an individual carries on previously, makes an example of his conduct and that they are bound to act in a similar way. Likewise, the jury may utilize this proof to evidence mens rea of the blamed individual. Plainly, this by deduction would imply that awful character proof is presently permissible in the official courtroom. On account of Perry v R 1982 44 ALR Murphy J expresses that, â€Å"common guess about impossibility of arrangement of occasions are frequently wrong†. He goes further to express that if the blamed is related with a grouping for passings, wounds or misfortunes, a jury may too promptly surmise that the affiliation is probably not going to be honest; a suspicion that could not be right under a specific conditions. Another method of reasoning for barring proof of past conviction is that, as destiny would have it, the realities of different examples of offense may make a jury be one-sided against the denounced individual. The instance of R v Bond (1906) 2 KB 389 Kennedy J noticed that once the proof of past feelings was let it be known would require enormous endeavors by the jury of an opportunity to see the denounced individual as other than an individual of corrupted character whose dubious proof, regardless of whether he was liable, couldn't be followed up on aside from where bo lstered the arraignment case. In any case, in law, there are special cases to each standard. The proof demonstration gives that it is Real for the crown to there is real for the Crown to illustrate comparable certainty proof against the charged and in the event that that denounced decides to affirm, at that point it is likewise real for the Crown to interrogate that blamed about that comparative actuality proof. The sorts of inquiries are required leave of court. End In understanding to the proposed changes, to be made in criminal law and system the recommendations gave are in understanding what has been in presence for quite a long time. In introducing proof in an official courtroom, different guidelines must be thought of, and the law must be deeply followed. The two gatherings must be familiar with the necessities of the law concerning the issue close by. For example, proof gave must be pertinent and non-hostile to the respondent. Upkeep of th

A Matter of Perspective The Invention of a Story in Martel’s Life of Pi - Literature Essay Samples

In Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi, Piscine â€Å"Pi† Patel is forced to relay his life story to condescending Japanese skeptics who refuse to believe his tale; they refer to it as nothing more than a fictional invention. Pi somewhat agrees with the men, but challenges their disbelief by saying, â€Å"Isn’t telling about something—using words, English or Japanese—already something of an invention? Isn’t just looking upon this world already something of an invention?† (Martel 302). Through this statement, the reader is reintroduced to a theme of the novel: the overall power of storytelling. Life really is a story, the invention of one’s own mind; Pi knows this, and the events of the novel show that his life is certainly a colorful, albeit seemingly hard to believe, tale.If life truly is a story, then the different aspects of this story are certainly a matter of perspective. One of the largest debates young Pi Patel must face is the nature of his religious practices. Instead of following one set of religious principles, Pi finds comfort in three completely different religious sects: Christianity, Islam, and the religion somehow instilled in him by his overly non-religious family, Hinduism: â€Å"So it went the first time I saw a Muslim pray—quick, necessary, physical, muttered, striking. Next time I was praying in a church—on my knees, immobile, silent before Christ on the Cross—the image of this callisthenic communion with God in the middle of bags of flour kept coming to my mind† (60). Upon confrontation by the local leaders of his three religions as to why he feels the need to practice multiple belief systems, Pi asserts â€Å"I just want to love God† (69). Being as young as he is, Pi does not see anything wrong with worshiping in three different ways; he only feels a drive to have a connection with a higher power through whichever means make this happen. At f irst, Pi is fascinated by the many stories the different religions have to offer. In this respect, the religious themes of the novel seem to play into the powerful influence that storytelling has to offer. Though these stories are widely accepted as a factual basis on which religion is based, this was certainly not always the case. Because of these stories, told countless times to innumerable amounts of people, an invention was created: a complete religion with dedicated followers.Another aspect of Pi’s life that is powerfully affected by the influence of stories is his relationship with animals. Having grown up in a zoo run by his father, exotic animals were a common sight to young Pi, and he formed his own relationships with them. These seemingly simple and childish relationships are stretched thin by his father: I learned the lesson that an animal is an animal, essentially and practically removed from us†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (31). By showing Pi how violently a tiger kills a goat for food, his father instills a sense of fear into his son in hopes that he will never take a situation with a potentially dangerous animal like a tiger lightly, because they are â€Å"very dangerous† (34). During his time stranded on the ocean with the Bengal tiger, humanized by the name Richard Parker, Pi is able to form a sense of mutual respect with the tiger. This could potentially be due to his father’s extensive training with the animals over the years. A more likely explanation for this seemingly unbelievable phenomenon, though, is the fact that Pi apparently did not heed the warning in his father’s story and gave human qualities to the animals around him, mainly Richard Parker. With no human companionship to associate with, one is prone to make due with one’s surroundings and anything with which some type of bond can be made. No matter which case is more correct, Pi is able to survive because of the relationship he forms with Richard Parker. Life of Pi is a work of metafiction. There is story upon story, upon yet another story involved within this novel. In the Author’s Note at the very beginning of the novel, Martel is approached by a man promising that his story will make one believe in God. The story of Pi’s upbringing is told, alongside a journalist’s attempt at getting a story from an older Pi. Even in regards to Pi’s story of survival itself, he is asked by the Japanese men that visit him after he is found to change what really happened with the animals to something more believable involving human beings. There are several different layers to this novel, yet they all seem to play together in an altogether successful way to reveal aspects of the story that would otherwise have been left out.Stories, inventions created by their authors, no matter how big and involved or small and simple, play a large role in how we see our everyday lives. In fact, just living out our lives on a daily basis and processing the massive influx of information we receive makes us the authors of our own stories. What happens to us is completely different in someone else’s eyes. Pi states this fact in a very clear way: â€Å"The world isn’t just the way it is. It is how we understand it, no? And in understanding something, we bring something to it, no? Doesn’t that make life a story?† (302). Stories can be as basic or as outlandish as we feel the need to make them. As proven by Pi Patel, though, life truly is a story; all we have to do is tell it.

Language Acquisition Study Of How Humans Acquire A Set...

Language Acquisition Language acquisition is the study of how humans acquire a set of semantic, syntactic, morphological and phonological categories and rules that underlie their ability to speak and understand the language to which they are exposed. (Parker and Riley, 2005) Language is an understanding that truly makes us human. Yes, other species do communicate with an innate ability to produce a limited number of meaningful words, but there is no other species that can express sentences with speech sounds and words. This ability is truly remarkable in itself. (Lemetyinen, H) What makes it even more remarkable is that researchers are finding evidence of this complex skill in increasingly younger children. Infants as young as 12 months are reported to have understanding to the grammar needed to recognize relevant sentences. After more than 60 years of research in child language development, the device that enables children to slice syllables and words out of the strings of sounds th ey hear, and to acquire grammar to understand and produce language is still quite an enigma. (Lemetyinen, H.) With this being said, there is more than one theorist that is trying to master this enigma. How children learn language is such a mystery to scientist, it is still being studied often. Children acquire their language in such a way that yet to this day cannot be described with just one accurate theory. The Behaviorist Theory One of the earliest studies of language acquisition was doneShow MoreRelatedLanguage Development Paper3685 Words   |  15 PagesLanguage Development 1 Language Development in Children Mary Reed Todd Athens State University Theories Stages in Language Development Language Development Paper July 25, 2011 Language Development 2 Language Development in Children Introduction Read MoreSupporting the Development of English Literacy in English Language Learners22851 Words   |  92 PagesSUPPORTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH LITERACY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS Key Issues and Promising Practices Diane August August Associates Report No. 61 February 2003 This report was published by the Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed At Risk (CRESPAR), a national research and development center supported by a grant (No. R-117-D40005) from the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI), U.S. Department of Education. The content or opinions expressedRead More The Ebonics Controversy Essay examples5572 Words   |  23 PagesAmerican Vernacular English (AAVE),Jive, Rappin, even the derogatory term of Nigger Talk(Shabaz). The words language anddialect are ambiguous and often interchanged when they should not be, because of the confusion they can elicit. For my own use of the terms, I draw on the commonly available reference book, Websters New World Dictionary. I will use the word language to signify the vocal sounds, words, and the ways of combining them, common to a particular nation. When the termRead MoreSkripsi Bahasa Inggris16760 Words   |  68 PagesTECHNIQUE OF PRESENTATION AT NATYA LANGUAGE SERVICE AND PROGRAM SKRIPSI BY: DIANA AMALIYAH VERAWATI NINGSIH NRM: 99220056 JURUSAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INGGRIS FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA 2005 ABSTRACT TECHNIQUE OF PRESENTATION AT NATYA LANGUAGE SERVICE AND PROGRAM NAME : DIANA AMALIYAH VERAWATI NINGSIH NRM : 99220056 PROGRAM : S-1 MAJOR : PENDIIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS FACULTY : FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI INSTITUTION : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA A research thatRead MoreSantrock Edpsych Ch0218723 Words   |  75 Pagesdevelopment smoother and more continuous? †¢ How do children develop physically, and how does this affect their behaviour and learning? †¢ What is the best way to characterize students’ cognitive development? How might knowledge of students’ cognitive development influence the way you teach? †¢ How does language develop? What is the best way to teach students to communicate verbally? PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Exploring How Children Develop Language Development Developmental Why Studying Issues

My Childhood Has Been Surrounded By Stories - 1266 Words

My childhood has been surrounded by stories, whose casts and settings are as real and fantastical as any fairytale. Masterfully orchestrated, these stories have been brought to life by the people that have survived decades to tell them, people I love dearly but will never truly understand — my grandparents. A South Korean surgeon trapped on a North Korean farm; a razor-sharp loan shark of a mother in Haiti; a sibling-favoring geography teacher in South Korea; a proud doctor in Montreal. These strange and unknowable people are my ghosts, characters in unvisited places and unknowable times. These timeless moments are the fragments of my history, woven for me in that haphazard place between the real and the imaginary, the past and the present. These stories are the legacy of my grandparents. I am a stranger to their worlds, worlds that survive only in their memories. The people who once inhabited their lives becoming ghosts that inhabit mine. My grandmothers: one Haitian — Grandmama — and one Korean — Halmoni. Each from a wildly different culture and world and yet so similar to one another — smart, headstrong . . . rude to waiters. My Korean grandfather — Haraboji. Quiet, sweet, burps at the dinner table, and loved at the community gym where he has spent two hours, every day, for the past three years. And my Haitian grandfather — Grandpapa, who died in 2007, joining the rest of the ghosts in an almost-remembered place in my mind. When I think about my grandparents, IShow MoreRelatedGreen Stones901 Words   |  4 Pages1 How childhood experiences make the protagonist evolve in Doreen Baingana s short story â€Å"Green Stones†. The short story subject to study is â€Å"Green Stones†written by Doreen Baingana, an Ugandan writer. â€Å"Green Stones† relates the story of a whole Ugandan family seen through the eyes of the youngest member of the family, Christine. Baingana portrays through the protagonist how perspectives change as people evolve and grow up. â€Å"Green Stones† is related in first person, and as said beforeRead MoreBefore Night Falls Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagescapturing our feelings and sympathy of the Cuban Revolution. Arenas wrote over twenty books, including ten novels and numerous short stories and poems. Arenas was not the only writer affected though as he states that, â€Å"All the literature of this century is somewhat burdened by the theme of uprootedness,† (Arenas, 36) which means every piece of literature surrounded the system of being exiled or the fear of being caught or doing wrong and being thrown out to vanish. 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A Report on the Fundamentals of Nursing

Question: Describe about competency and effective communication skill that may influence communication in your career as a nurse? Answer: Introduction: It is not only a belief but a fact that competency and effective communication skill may influence highly upon communication in a career as a nurse. More than ever before, individuals engaged in nursing profession require increased developed skills for communicating sensitively as well as in a collaboratively manner in various context. For an individual engaged in nursing profession, the capability of communicating is considered as a vital skill and integral part of his job. Nurses are required to speak to people belonging to different educational, social, and cultural backgrounds(Sherratt Bell, 2014). They are required to undertake such communication practices in the most effective, careful, and professional way. Effective communication needs a clear understanding of the patients and their expressed experiences. This needs key skills as well as sincere aim for nurses to understand all that concern the patient. It is not just enough for the nurses to understand their patients but also delivering the message of their understanding (Sherratt Bell, 2014). This reflects their feelings as well as capabilities. The foremost thing to do on the part of a nurse is to create a warm relationship with the patient. The patient should be made comfortable in a peaceful environment with no external distraction. This is possible only through effective communication and interaction with the patients. The therapeutic relationship happens to be a key prerequisite in effective communication amidst a nurse and that of a patient for not only conveying information, but also address mental processes effectively that are activated by it. The interaction amidst a nurse as well as a patient involves the capability to ex press sincere concern for the patients care. Communication with all patients forms a part of the long standing art of Hippocratic medicine (Cosgrave, 2006). It not only relies upon the innate ability which varies from individual to individual, but also upon essential training as well as experience acquired by an individual nurse. Effective communication leads in greater understanding amidst patients with increased benefits for patients as well as personal satisfaction of nurses in delivering their responsibilities. Effective communication is also helpful in improving the quality of care meant for the patients (Lambert Keogh, 2014). Having a career as a nurse means a great deal of responsibility in conducting an effective communication with all patients and other stakeholders. This is the foremost step for delivering responsibilities towards the profession. Conclusion: Thus, it is a widely accepted fact that developing as well as maintaining positive relationship with the patients is the most significant aspect of the process of treatment. Effective communications skills are considered to be the key tool in achieve this desirable outcome (Sherratt Bell, 2014). Since patients spend most of the time with the nurses during the treatment process, it becomes increasingly necessary for the nurses to know all the tactics for conducting effective and influential interaction with the patients. Such a process or approach ensures faster healing of patients as they feel cared and loved by the people around them. References Casey, A., Wallis, A. (2011). Effective communication: Principle of Nursing Practice E.Nursing Standard,25(32), 35-37. doi:10.7748/ns2011.04.25.32.35.c8450 Cosgrave, R. (2006). The importance of communication.Br J Cardiac Nursing,1(9), 403-403. doi:10.12968/bjca.2006.1.9.21771 Lambert, V., Keogh, D. (2014). Health literacy and its importance for effective communication. Part 2.Nursing Children And Young People,26(4), 32-36. doi:10.7748/ncyp2014.05.26.4.32.e387 Sherratt, A., Bell, A. (2014). Fall risks: the importance of staff communication.Nursing And Residential Care,16(8), 432-437. doi:10.12968/nrec.2014.16.8.432

Lorenzos Oil Essays - Methylphenidate, RTT, , Term Papers

Lorenzos Oil Larry Hood Project IV STEPS 2 & 3 Article 1 1. What is property P? Increase in brain activity 2. What is the sample? The 16 boys 3. What is the population? All children 4. What is the implicit question? Why is there a difference in brain function between normal kids and kids with ADHD. 5. What is not the implicit question? Do all children have a property p? 6. What type of argument? Sampling 7. what did they look at? They looked at 16 children who were diagnosed with ADHD six were not. 8. IQ: Is there a difference in brain function between normal kids and kids with ADHD? 9. NOT: Do all children have a difference in brain function? Schematization S1 6% of school children suffer from ADHD and require medication. S2 They looked at 16 children between 8 and 13 who were diagnosed with ADHD six were not.. S3 Ritalin is the drug used to treat children with hyperactive and aggressive behavior. S4/C1 ADHD children react differently than normal kids when given Ritalin S5 Children with ADHD exhibit problems like poor listening and poor impulse control.. S6 Healthy children have a decrease in brain activity when given Ritalin. C2 Ritalin has no positive effect on behavior in healthy children Article 2 1. What type of argument? Correlation 2. What is A ? GIK treatment (glucose insulin and potassium) 3. What is B? Reduction in heart attack deaths. 4. Causal Mechanism? Clogged arteries 5. What is the implicit question? Why does oxygen nourishment (GIK)to the heart reduce heart attack deaths? 6. NOT- What caused a reduction I Heart attacks? 7. Which rival explains why a and b occur together? Forward cause Rival - Those that received treatment did not have clogged arteries. The argument in the article is a correlation argument. There is a correlation between A the GIK treatment and B the reduction in heart attack deaths. The arguer believes there is a correlation because of a prior study. This study was originally conducted in 1960. And had showed and overall reduction in heart attack death rate by half. This study was discarded however because of poorly conducted clinical tests. These tests led many doctors to doubt that it worked. The study conducted called GIK for glucose, insulin and potassium nourishes t65he heart muscle that are deprived of oxygen immediately following a heart attack. The causal mechanism are clogged arteries that reduce the flow of oxygen to the heart. The researches need to continue the study of the treatment along with the treatment for clogged arteries to consider this a strong argument. Many of the findings are undermined by the fact that many of the patients that survived were receiving clot busting drugs combined with the G IK treatment. This is relevant data to support the conclusion. S1 Patients who received the GIK treatment combined with clot busting drugs have a better chance of surviving a heart attack. S2 The treatment provides energy to the heart muscle during and immediately after a heart attack. C1 If doctors use the GIK treatment combined with clot busting drugs the heart attack death rate will decrease. Article 3 1. What is A? the CHD1 gene 2. What is B? Causes heart disease. 3. What is causal mechanism? Bad diet and lack of exercise 4. Is the Author saying one thing cause another? Yes 5. What is the implicit question? Why does the gene appear to promot heart disease? 6. NOT - What caused the heart disease. 7. This could be common cause because there are environmental factors that could be the cause of A and B. Rival - The gene caused the body to over produce cholesterol which collects in the arteries and cause blockage of blood flow to the heart. The argument for the article is a correlation argument. There is a correlation between A the CHD1 gene and B heart disease. The arguer believes there is a correlation because of the study of the 75 families who had a history of early heart disease. The causal mechanism is Bad diet and lack of exercise. Relevant data to support the conclusion would be causes of arterial blockage and how many of the children had high levels of cholesterol. If the children had high levels of cholesterol in their blood this would be relevant data to support the conclusion. I believe this is a weak argument. S1 10% of the families in the study were

Reflection Activity essayEssay Writing Service

Reflection Activity essayEssay Writing Service Reflection Activity essay Reflection Activity essayIncrease in the rate of social and economic life, the growth of information, and the rise in the quality requirements of higher education objectively necessitated the high activity of the student in his daily training activities. Thus, the problem of time management is very important for me.After reading three online articles, I found that all articles are very useful for their readers because they include many time management tips, discussing almost the same things but in different words. But choosing one article, I think that the article â€Å"Time Management 101 for Online Student† is the most helpful to me. This article gave me an understanding that it is impossible to manage time, but it is possible to consider time management as â€Å"managing yourself†. This idea changed my attitude to time management and allowed me to choose more effective strategies to improve my productivity.Dwelling on the tip, taking from the articles, I would like t o create a special checklist of all things that I need to accomplish. It will help me not to hold all things to do in mind and to check them off in the period of their completion.   It seems to me that a person needs to have an independent mind for the purpose of adopting the attitude of critical thinking because only a free thinker is able not to be dependent on the opinion of other people. The next two characteristics of a great importance are open-mindedness and a natural curiosity because they will help a person to investigate various viewpoints which are different from the own and to produce the decision on the base of own attitude to the issue.Recently I have encountered some critical thinking hindrances which were based on basic human limitations. These limitations demonstrated that there are no perfect people, and human understanding of all the information, including some facts and memories, is based on existing experience. So, it is necessary to be more adequate in reacti ng on the issue at hand.To conclude, I have discussed several issues connected with time management and critical thinking, and realized that the use of some tips may improve my life and help me not only control my time, but also make some changes in reactions on ordinary things.

The Mezquita Mosque Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Mezquita Mosque - Research Paper Example It is the third largest mosque in the world and also one of the oddest, because it contains a Christian cathedral that was built inside it after the Moors got expelled in 1236. The graceful Moorish architecture combined with the triumphant Baroque cathedral memorializes in stone the conflict between Christianity and Islam that wracked Spain for 700 years. The Mezquita mosque was built in 785 and enlarged four times during the following 200 years; the cathedral was added in the 16th century. (Brockman, 2011, pg. 330) The Mezquita Mosque was founded by Abd ar-Rahman I in 785. Rahman I was the sole survivor of a tribe known as the Umayyards who fled Syria. Before Rahman I, the first Muslims who arrived to Cordoba shared la Mezquita with Christians. Rahman I bought the Christians out and started what would become a seven century dynasty of Muslim rule over Spain. After Rahman I died, he was followed by Abd ar-Rahmann II (822-52), who vastly extended the Mosque in the ninth century and un der Abd ar-Rahman III (912-61), Cordoba rose to become the largest and most prosperous city in Europe. Improvements on the Mosque continued under his son Al-Hakim II (961-76) who doubled its size and hired Greek contractors to build the new Mihrab (huge doorway used as the entrance to the Mezquita), which stands to this day. The final improvement in size, on the mosque, came under Al-Mansour (977-1002). (Ward, pg. 151) The Mezquita Mosque is a patchwork combination of all civilizations that occupied Cordoba. None, however, could bring themselves to destroy the Mosque, so each culture added their own personal touches. (Ward, pg. 151) Cordoba was probably a sophisticated center of the arts from the time of ‘Abd al-Rahman I. Chronicles suggest his keen interest in Syrian culture, which is apparently confirmed by aspects of the Mezquita. (Bloom, J.M., and Blair, S., 2009, pg. 506) The mosque began as the Christian Visigothic church of St. Vincent around 600, which was in turn buil t on the ruins of a Roman temple. In 784, the local emir bought it and began replacing it with the mosque. It got enlarged and embellished over the next two hundred years. (Brockman, 2011, pg. 331) The architectural uniqueness of the Mezquita lies in the fact that it was a revolutionary building for its time, structurally speaking. It defied precedents. Both Jerusalem’s Dome of the Rock and the Great Mosque in Damascus had vertical, navelike designs, but the aim of the Mezquita mosque was to create an infinitely spacious, democratically horizontal and classic space, where the spirit could roam freely and communicate easily with God. The original space of Islamic prayer (normally the open yard of a desert home) was transformed into a 14,400 square meter metaphor for the desert itself. Men prayed side by side on the argamasa, a floor made of compact, reddish slaked lime and sand. A flat roof, decorated with gold and multicolored motifs, shaded them from the sun. The orange pati o, where the ablution fountains gurgled with water, was the oasis. The terracotta and white striped arches indicated a hallucinogenic forest of date palms, and upheld the roof with over one thousand columns, 1293 to be precise, (856 of which remain). (Ham, 2010, pg 204) Construction of the Mezquita It is almost certain that the building that

Camera Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Camera - Essay Example The high creativity and innovation of new cameras such as smart phones, which have numerous uses apart from taking photographs may lead to the decline of sales and profits reaped by camera companies (Kurtz 79). This indicates that the product has reached the decline stage, and it may become extinct if the innovation of new photo taking gadgets continues. Introduction Stage This is the stage when the product enters the market the first time, and firms reap low sales and profits because they conduct intense marketing to attract customers (Kurtz 30). The camera was first introduced in the market during the proto globalization period that began in the sixteenth century. Human intelligence increased during this period leading to the invention of various objects such as the wheel and the camera. The first camera, known as obscura, took inverted images that were not saved on any material. The object was as big as a house, and it allowed photographs of one person only. The camera had a hole through which light passed and formed inverted images of the objects in front of the gadget. The images taken by the camera were unclear and unattractive. The inventors of the product later developed portable cameras that increased the need for photography in the world (Joanne 65). Image of the first camera obscura (writtenshots.wordpress.com) Image taken using camera obscura (fineartamerica.com) Growth Stage The growth stage is the second phase of product development, which involves increases in sales and profits. Organizations reap higher benefits in this stage than in the introductory phase because of the incoming of new customers. During this stage, new firms begin producing the good so that they can reap the high profits and sales in the industry (Kurtz 84). In the introductory stage of the camera, Kodak was the only company that produced the product. However, new companies such as Nixxon and Sony entered the industry. The growth stage also involves the addition of features to the products to make them more attractive to existing customers. The additional features also help companies in attracting new users, and this enables them to recover they capital they invest in the production of the good. Eastman, the director of Kodak developed the camera by enabling the saving of images in films. The films were of limited length meaning that they would save a limited number of images. Users of the camera went back for film refilling to the companies where they bought the product when the existing space finished. The images saved on the films were also produced by the producing companies when there was no additional space in a film (Joanne 76). This meant that customers would wait for numerous days to view their pictures. The photographs taken using the film cameras were not also clear; although they were better than those of the obscura. The film camera (www.retrothing.com) Image taken using the film camera (www.shootingfilm.net) Instant cameras were also develop ed during the growth stage of the product life cycle. This is the camera that enabled consumers to recover their photographs immediately. Users did not have to wait for days or months to see their photographs like they did with the film camera (Joanne 93). The invention of this camera increased the sales of Kodak and other companies in the industry. This is because they attracted new customers and recovered sales from those who were dissatisfied by the extensive periods taken to produce

Introduction to britich politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Introduction to britich politics - Essay Example The beginning of conservatism dated back in the Great War in Britain. During this time, powerful debates about the soul and the thoughts of conservatism were widely spread. The participants were mainly the prominent historians who were the great thinkers in the society. The historians had many arguments in common about the nature of the human beings. However, their areas of specialization differed in terms of the interpretation of issues. They were always aligned to particular political classes. The prominent historians often had chances to address huge multitudes that eventually purchased their works thereby promoting their doctrines further. Many people also read their works in print media as well as in television and radio. They were a great inspiration to the people. The conservatism that exists in the current day in Britain can be traced back in the mid 1750s to early 1800. This came as a reaction to the swift changes and a series of prospects that faced the nation as well as other neighboring European nations. During this period, the Torry party was transformed in to the conservative party. This mainly came as a result of the electoral reforms in 1832 that was aimed at educating the conservatives on ways in which they could become productive and self reliant in the society. This came as a result of the common believe that personal initiatives are usually more effective in bringing the desired results than those that are done communally. Conservatism in the Britain is somehow interrelated with that of other Western Nations (Daunton 1995 pp.27-31). However, it is unique in a way that distinguishes it from the others. Conservatism in Britain established in under the patronage of renowned historians. The torry party was the first to establish the original characteristics of conservatism. It was later transformed in to the conservative party. The

Effect Of The Environment On Western Settlers Essay -- essays research

Effect of the Environment on Western Settlers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the country grew and expanded, the American people where always one to push their bounds. In 1763, we proudly, defied England's proclamation of the year, and settled west of the Appalachian mountains. A little later, the westward people pushed Indians, animals, and society to a place where no American person had gone before. But all the while, one important factor determined where they transported themselves, where they settled, and what they did when they got there. This factor, the environment, profoundly affected the settlers way of life, and other factors, such as the Indians and the railroad, only aggravated a pre-existing condition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The settlers of the late 1800's had only one way to get to the west- along the pre-existing routes established by the courier-de-bois, Spanish settlers, and the Indians of the past. These routes, which flowed through the only passable areas of the Rockies, naturally led to Oregon and California, which caused an increase in the population of these regions at the time. These trails, such as the Oregon Trail to the north, the Mormon and Spanish Trail to the south, and the California and Overland trails in between were very rough and bumpy, making the trek no easy task.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the home front, the environment played an important role on the family life as well.. Women had a more prominent role in society as w...

Avian Influenza Essay

Avian Influenza, also known as bird flu, is a zoonotic disease with several different subtypes that affect mostly other birds, but few can be transmitted to humans. The most prevalent avian influenza virus in humans is the highly pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus, which has caused over 380 confirmed cases in 15 countries (Rabinowitz, 2010). Majority of cases have been transmitted via bird-to-human, with rare cases of human-to-human transmission. Continued exposure to the virus not only poses the threat of ongoing morbidity and mortality, but also the threat of H5N1 being able to adapt and change allowing sustained human-to-human transmission. (Rabinowitz, 2010). Human exposure to H5N1 begins with the natural host for the virus, wild birds, which is then transmitted to domestic birds, and then finally reaching humans as a host. Starting with wild birds, most commonly waterfowl, the virus lives in the intestines and is shed through fecal matter, saliva, and nasal secretions. Most wild birds are resistant to infections associated with avian influenza A. Wild birds are exposed to the virus when they come into contact with contaminated nasal, respiratory, or fecal material from infected birds, most commonly fecal to oral transmission (Korteweg & Gu, 2010). Transmission to domestic birds, mainly poultry, can occur with direct contact with infected birds or indirect exposure through contaminated dirt, cages, water, and feed. Domestic birds have little to no resistance to the virus and suffer serious health issues, often resulting in death (Influenza Viruses, 2005). In the case a human is infected with H5N1, transmission routes are either through direct contact or indirect contact. Direct contact consists of people holding, catching, hunting, or playing with unknowingly infected birds. Slaughtering, defeathering, processing and preparing poultry for consumption are other ways a person can be infected through direct contact. Examples of indirect contact are touching contaminated surfaces and materials, swimming in or washing with contaminated water, living and working in areas with contaminated air, or ingesting the active virus in contaminated food (Rabinowitz, 2010). There is little evidence supporting human-to-human transmission and few cases have been confirmed. From what is known, intimate and close contact with infected individuals are possible routes of transmission (Avian Influenza A, 2005). The potential for H5N1 to develop into a strain easily transmissible from person to person in a sustained matter poses as a threat for a possible pandemic infection (Influenza Viruses, 2005). Signs and symptoms associated with H5N1 are much like those of the more common seasonal flu virus; fever, headache, sore throat, cough and rhinitis. Other symptoms include conjunctivitis, gastrointestinal complications, shortness of breath, lower respiratory problems, rhinorrhea, myalgia, diarrhea, leukopenia, lymphophenia, impaired liver function, renal impairment, and prolonged blood clotting (Apisarnthanarak, 2004). As of March 2011, over 530 confirmed human cases of H5N1 have been found in 15 countries since 2003 (WHO image 1), 85% occurring within Asian countries. Countries with the highest prevalence rates are Vietnam, Egypt, and Indonesia. Median age of those infected is 18 years old (Korteweg & Gu, 2010). A contributing behavioral factor associated with the disease being more prevalent in children and young adults is the age groups participation in the slaughter, defeathering and cooking of poultry (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). H5N1 had not been seen in humans prior to 1997, first presenting itself in China. The virus was then seen again in humans in 2003, in Vietnam and again in China. By 2007, H5N1 had spread to Cambodia, Indonesia, Azerbaijan, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Turkey, Laos, Myanmar, Nigeria and Pakistan (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). The following public health organizations have been working closely together to track and control recent outbreaks: World Health Organization (WHO), Organization for Animal Health (OIE), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). WHO has been responsible for providing recent data and statistics regarding H5N1 in humans. Avian Influenza is covered by GAR, WHO’s Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network, which is responsible for monitoring and keeping surveillance on the disease. OIE is responsible for reporting recent data relating specifically o outbreaks of avian influenza in animals. FAO, working collaboratively with OIE and WHO, â€Å"sets the context for national and regional strategies, policies, programs and projects designed to control and prevent the disease (Strategy and Policy)† from spreading. According to a study by Smallman-Raynor and Cliff (2008), fatality rates for H5N1 are greater than 50% in observed cases, which is mu ch higher than the common flu virus. The virus has spread to over fifty countries on three continents, being labeled as a panzootic disease (animal disease equivalent to a pandemic in humans). H5N1 first crossed species barriers to humans in 1997 and has extended its host range to several other mammals, causing severe disease and death. An approach to control the spread of this disease amongst birds has been culling of exposed birds, quarantine and disinfecting. However, Avian Influenza continues to spread due in part to migratory birds becoming infected (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). The virus’s ability to evolve poses as threat and is currently classified by WHO at Phase 3 of the global pandemic alert for influenza.

Blister Beetles, Family Meloidae

Few North American species of blister beetles will actually cause blisters, but its still smart to be cautious when handling members of the beetle family Meloidae. Theres some debate over whether blister beetles are pests (because the adults feed on many agricultural crops and can be hazardous to livestock), or beneficial predators (because the larvae ​consume the young of other crop-eating insects, like grasshoppers). Description Blister beetles look superficially similar to members of some other beetle families, such as the soldier beetles and darkling beetles. Blister beetles, however, do have some unique features that will help you identify them. Their elytra appear leathery and soft, rather than rigid, and the forewings wrap around the sides of the beetles abdomen. The blister beetles pronotum is usually cylindrical or rounded, and narrower than both the head and the base of the elytra. Most adult blister beetles are medium in size, although the smallest species measures just a few millimeters in length and the largest can reach 7 centimeters long. Their bodies are generally elongate in shape, and their antennae will be either filiform or monofiliform. While many are dark or drab in color, particularly in the eastern U.S., some do come in bright, aposematic colors. Look for blister beetles on flowers or foliage. Classification Kingdom – AnimaliaPhylum – ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – ColeopteraFamily - Meloidae Diet Adult blister beetles feed on plants, particularly those in the legume, aster, and nightshade families. Although rarely considered a major crop pest, blister beetles do sometimes form large feeding aggregations in plants. Many blister beetles consume the flowers of their host plants, while some feed on the foliage. Blister beetle larvae have unusual feeding habits. Some species specialize in eating grasshopper eggs, and for this reason, are considered beneficial insects. Other blister beetle larvae eat the larvae and provisions of ground-nesting bees. In these species, the first instar larvae may hitch a ride on an adult bee as it flies back to its nest, and then settle in to eat the bees offspring. Life Cycle Blister beetles undergo complete metamorphosis, like all beetles, but in a somewhat unusual way. The first instar larvae (called triungulins) usually have functional legs, well-developed antennae, and are quite active. These young larvae need to move because they are parasitoids and must find their hosts. Once theyre settled in with their host (such as in a bee nest), each successive stage is typically less active, and the legs gradually diminish or even disappear. This larval development is referred to as hypermetamorphosis. The final instar is a pseudopupa stage, during which the beetle will overwinter. Depending on the species and environmental conditions, the blister beetle life cycle may last as long as three years. Most species will complete a full life cycle within one year, however. Special Behaviors and Defenses Blister beetles are usually soft-bodied and may seem vulnerable to predators, but they arent defenseless. Their bodies produce a caustic chemical called cantharidin, which they exude from their leg joints when threatened (a defensive strategy called reflex bleeding). Meloid species with high levels of cantharidin can cause skin blisters when handled, giving these beetles their common name. Cantharidin is an effective repellent for ants and other predators but can be extremely toxic if ingested by people or animals. Horses are particularly susceptible to cantharidin poisoning, which can occur if their hay feed is contaminated with blister beetle remains. Range and Distribution Blister beetles are most diverse in arid or semi-arid regions of the world, though widely distributed. Globally, blister beetle species number close to 4,000. In the U.S. and Canada, there are just over 400 documented blister beetle species. Sources: Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.Bugs Rule! An Introduction to the World of Insects, by Whitney Cranshaw and Richard Redak.Beetles of Eastern North America, by Arthur V. Evans.Family Meloidae – Blister Beetles, Bugguide.net. Accessed online January 14, 2016.Blister beetle, Texas AM University Department of Entomology website. Accessed online January 14, 2016.Blister Beetles: Pest or Beneficial Predator?, Washington State University Fact Sheet (PDF). Accessed online January 14, 2016.