Industry Production :: Industrial Production Manufacturing Essays

Industry ProductionThe structure of industrial takings and the service industries ischaracterized by the prevalence of smarkforce, 30% beingll and medium-sizedcompanies (94% and 5.6% according to 100 workers) thoug981 data), employing,however, only 70% of the workforce, 30% being monopolized by large c ompanies(more than 100 workers) though these comprise only 0.4% of the total. This substancethat companies are widely dispersed over the whole country, obviously withsignificant location and concentration of industry, and more than half theindustrial comp anies operate at elflike more than workshop level, as is seen bythe small workforce in each production unit.On the other hand, the small number of large companies is explained by change magnitudeconcentration, at that level also indicated by the high number of employees.There is only a limited number of cooperative companies (food sector and the transmutation of agricultural products), while large companies tend to becomemultinat ional. The presence of companies with foreign capital monopolizingspecific commodity secto rs (pharmaceuticals, photographic materials,electronics, cosmetics etc.) is far from rare.One particular patient of of development regards medium-sized companies, frequentlyderivations of small family-run businesses with a specialized production, whichas a result of management flexibility have succeeded in reconverting productionand using technol ogical innovations which, with increased competitivity, enablethem to penetrate international markets, in this way contributing to theconsolidation of the Italian image and presence throughout the world.The Industrial SectorsThe make and metalworking industriesThe countrys economic revival in the immediate postwar period was essentiallysustained by development and expansion of the basic industries, particularly thesteel industry, itself conditioned by the importation of raw materials such asores, scrap iron and coal.Membership of ECSC enabled the I talian steel industry, which had installed theintegral processing cycle, to attain extremely high levels of production thussatisfying increasingly greater domestic demand, such as that of the engineeringindustry, as well as the export market. Following plant reconversion steel andmetal production is now stagnating due to the international economic situationdominated by strong competition from Japanese industries and plastics, leadingto overproduction in the principal European countries.The engineering industriesMechanical engineering production is extremely varied and includes companiessuch as shipbuilding, aerospace, carbuilding etc. with complex work cycles,together with the manufacturers of mere(a) tools. Component manufacturing is alsowell developed and cl osely allied to companies producing durable goods noteasily classified in any one sector (for example, non-metallic materials utilize inthe car industry rubber, glass, plastics etc).In practice, mechanical engineering with i ts diversification and multiplerelationships with other industries is considered the mainstay of the nationalproductive system also in terms of the large workforce employed (over 2,2